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Sambas was a traditional Malay state in Indonesia in modern Borneo. ==History== At first governed by governors, Sambas became kingdom in 1609 with the descendant of Sepudak. She married one of her daughters to a descendant of the Sultan of Brunei. The child of this union, Muhammad Saif ud-din I became the first Muslim Sultan. Sambas remained independent until the reign of the Dutch East India Company, when the capital was bombarded in 1812. The Dutch took their interest since 1819, leading finally into frequent minglings into succession and even the deposition and exiling to Java of Abu Bakar Taj ud-din II. The state was stable, having strong, long-ruling leaders, up until the Japanese conquest of 1942, when Sultan Muhammad Ibrahim Shafi ud-din II was executed in the Pontianak Incident at Mandor in 1944. The Sultanate was thereafter suspended and replaced by a Japanese council, but restored with the return of the Dutch in 1946. They installed another Sultan, who died in 1956. Another monarch did not assume the throne. From 1984, the head of the Royal House was Winata Kusuma of Sambas, who was recognised as Sultan in 2000 and installed in July 2001. He died in 2008. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sultanate of Sambas」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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